Rings comprising chemically bonded atoms are essential topological motifs for the structural ordering of network-forming materials. Quantification of such larger motifs beyond short-range pair ...

Tunnel boring machine (TBM) disc cutters face significant challenges in complex geological conditions, particularly in composite sandstone–mudstone strata, where low rock-breaking efficiency and ...

Scientists have unveiled an innovative approach for synthesizing azaparacyclophanes (APCs), a class of highly advanced ring-shaped molecular structures with immense potential in material science.