FILE: Reconstructions of a Neanderthal man, left, and woman at the Neanderthal museum in Mettmann, Germany, March 2009 ...

But the study, published Thursday in the journal Science, shows “that whenever Neanderthals and modern humans have mated, ...

New research reveals that ancient interbreeding between humans and Neanderthals shaped our modern human DNA - especially on the X chromosome.

Scientists discovered hundreds of energy-making enzymes secretly working on human DNA—revealing a hidden “mini-metabolism” ...

Learn how sex-biased interbreeding between Neanderthals and modern humans explains why Neanderthal DNA is largely missing ...

Ancient linkups may have happened more frequently between female humans and male Neanderthals, according to an new genetic ...

Genomic analysis shows that interbreeding between female Neanderthals and human males was less common than the opposite ...

The human genome is a rich, complex record of migration, encounters, and inheritance written over thousands of millennia.

A deeper understanding of how DNA changes over generations helps scientists learn why people differ and how diseases develop. Until recently, many fast-changing parts of the human genome remained ...

Perhaps human females found Neanderthal males to be high-status providers. Or perhaps Neanderthal society was “patrilocal” — meaning women moved to join the man’s family — while human society was the ...

Humans and Neanderthals cozied up from time to time when they lived in the same areas tens of thousands of years ago. But we ...

Most people with non-African ancestry carry roughly 1–4% Neanderthal ancestry spread across their genomes, a legacy of contact after modern humans expanded into Eurasia. But the X chromosome, one of ...