The challenge is that the tumor immune microenvironment is not a static backdrop but a constantly shifting ecosystem shaped by cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, cytokines, and physical ...

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed the treatment landscape for multiple malignancies; however, its clinical efficacy remains limited in many tumors due to ...

No tumor is an island. In the past two decades, it’s become increasingly appreciated that cancers are dependent on neighboring cells for their growth and survival. These tumor-friendly communities—or ...